---
title: "pg_statistic"
source: https://cloudberry.apache.org/docs/sys-catalogs/sys-tables/pg-statistic
---

# pg_statistic

The `pg_statistic` system catalog table stores statistical data about the contents of the database. Entries are created by [`ANALYZE`](../../sql-stmts/analyze.md) and subsequently used by the query planner. Note that all the statistical data is inherently approximate, even assuming that it is up-to-date.

Normally, there is one entry, with `stainherit = false`, for each table column that has been analyzed. If the table has inheritance children, Apache Cloudberry creates a second entry with `stainherit = true`. This row represents the column's statistics over the inheritance tree, for example, statistics for the data you would see with `SELECT column FROM table*`, whereas the `stainherit = false` row represents the results of `SELECT column FROM ONLY table`.

`pg_statistic` also stores statistical data about the values of index expressions. These are described as if they were actual data columns; in particular, `starelid` references the index. No entry is made for an ordinary non-expression index column, however, since it would be redundant with the entry for the underlying table column. Currently, entries for index expressions always have `stainherit = false`.

Since different kinds of statistics may be appropriate for different kinds of data, `pg_statistic` is designed not to assume very much about what sort of statistics it stores. Only extremely general statistics (such as nullness) are given dedicated columns in `pg_statistic`. Everything else is stored in slots, which are groups of associated columns whose content is identified by a code number in one of the slot's columns.

`pg_statistic` should not be readable by the public, since even statistical information about a table's contents should be considered sensitive. (Example: minimum and maximum values of a salary column). `pg_stats` is a publicly readable view on `pg_statistic` that only exposes information about those tables that are readable by the current user.

:::caution
Diagnostic tools such as `gpsd` and `minirepro` collect sensitive information from `pg_statistic`, such as histogram boundaries, in a clear, readable form. Always review the output files of these utilities to ensure that the contents are acceptable for transport outside of the database in your organization.
:::

|column|type|references|description|
|------|----|----------|-----------|
|`starelid`|oid|[pg_class](./pg-class.md).oid|The table or index that the described column belongs to|
|`staattnum`|smallint|[pg_attribute](./pg-attribute.md).attnum|The number of the described column|
|`stainherit`|boolean| |If true, the statistics include inheritance child columns, not just the values in the specified relations.|
|`stanullfrac`|real| |The fraction of the column's entries that are null|
|`stawidth`|integer| |The average stored width, in bytes, of nonnull entries|
|`stadistinct`|real| |The number of distinct nonnull data values in the column. A value greater than zero is the actual number of distinct values. A value less than zero is the negative of a multiplier for the number rows in the table (for example, a column in which about 80% of the values are nonnull and each nonnull value appears about twice on the average could be represented by `stadistinct` = -0.4). A zero value means the number of distinct values is unknown.|
|`stakind*N*`|smallint| |A code number indicating the kind of statistics stored in the `N`th slot of the `pg_statistic` row|
|`staop*N*`|oid|[pg_operator](./pg-operator.md).oid|An operator used to derive the statistics stored in the `N`th slot. For example, a histogram slot would show the `<` operator that defines the sort order of the data.|
|`stacoll*N*`|oid|pg_collation.oid|The collation used to derive the statistics stored in the `N`th slot. For example, a histogram slot for a collatable column would show the collation that defines the sort order of the data. Zero for noncollatable data.|
|`stanumbers*N*`|ARRAY| |Numerical statistics of the appropriate kind for the `N`th slot, or NULL if the slot kind does not involve numerical values.|
|`stavalues*N*`|anyarray| |Column data values of the appropriate kind for the `N`th slot, or NULL if the slot kind does not store any data values. Each array's element values are actually of the specific column's data type, or a related type such as an array's element type, so there is no way to define these columns' type more specifically than `anyarray`.|